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SOME DEFINITIONS
Spyware & Harmful Technologies
When users complete a scan using Ad-aware, they are presented with the results based on our Threat Assessment Chart (TAC). Part of the information included is the category in which the object has been assigned. Here is a complete list of object categories.
Data miner
The application is designed to collect information about the user and does so actively. This may or may not include transmission of the information to a remote server, but the server is owned by the company producing the detected application and more importantly, the information collected is disclosed to the user via privacy policy and/or licensing.
Malware
These are malicious software designed to do harm to a user’s system or to other systems that is not specifically a VIRUS.
Monitoring Tool
This category includes remote access Trojans (RATs), Root Kits, etc.
Vulnerability
The application employs the use of system and/or security vulnerabilities to install on a system and to operate.
Misc
This category is for use with applications that do not fall within the other categories but are noteworthy for the user due to matching criteria listed in the TAC. The criteria however do not point in the direction of a specific detection category.
Dialer
The application is designed to change the user’s DUN (Dial Up Networking) settings to dial numbers that the user does not know about, to connect to a number in stealth, and/or to avoid being detected by the user such as dialing expensive connections where the user has not authorized the connection.
Worm
This is a self-replicating virus, Trojan, and/or virus designed to propagate across many systems and/or networks. While Ad-Aware does include some well know virus, Trojan, and worm content, it is not an antivirus or antitrojan solution so it is important to make sure that you have a specific solution installed on your system and/or network.
MRU
This is a listing of the Most Recently Used lists stored in your registry. They are harmless and consist only of things such as the most recent document you opened. They are included in Ad-Aware due to requests from users and to highlight the fact that they are harmless where some antispyware applications will list them as being potentially harmful in an attempt to appear to detect more content than they actually do.
Spyware
These applications collect information, may or may not install in stealth, and are designed to transmit that information to 2nd, or 3rd parties covertly employing the user’s connection without their consent and knowledge. The word defines the actual intent; this is software (ware) that is designed to collect information in secret (spy).
Adware
This is content that is designed to display advertising to the user that may not be expected or wanted. While some also categorize advertising applications that may include tracking features or capabilities as Adware, we place them within more descriptive categories such as Trackware or Data Miner to provide more information to the user. Most often included in freeware bundles or as additional (and/or required) content with shareware. Adware is generally innocuous and consumers may want to remove this content if they no longer wish to receive the advertising content. They may wish to keep them though if the programs are required for the use of a host application.
Trackware
This category is separate from Data Miners in that it is passive in nature. This category can and does include content such as tracking cookies and those that collect only anonymous information like GUID’s and/or sites visited, etc and does not include personally identifiable information.
Exploit
The application employs the use of a software or system exploit to install and/or operate.
Keylogger
This category is for applications that are designed to record and/or transmit keystroke information.
Annoyware
This is a special type of Adware that causes an excessive number of popups/popunders, is designed to force advertising even when not connected to the internet, can cause noticeable system and/or bandwidth slowdowns, and in general is intrusive to the point of frustrating the system user.
Hijacker
These applications are designed to hijack the user’s home page, HOSTS file, browser favorites, chosen search engine, and/or system settings.
Virus
A virus is a self replicating program designed to inject itself into other programs and causes harm to the system it is installed on. This can include damaging files, folders, directory structures, and even erasure of the complete hard drive. While Ad-Aware does include some well known virus content, it is not an antivirus solution. It is important to make sure that you have an antivirus specific solution installed on your system and/or network.
RESOURCES .LEARN ABOUT SPYWARE
Spyware Forensics
Spyware Education Center
Spyware Info and Facts that All Internet Users Must Know
You may know spyware by one of its many names; adware, malware, trackware, scumware, thiefware, snoopware, sneakware.
Because of its stealthy nature, most Internet users are more familiar with the symptoms of spyware infection:
* sluggish PC performance
* increased pop-up ads
* unexplained homepage change
* mysterious search results.
For virtually everyone surfing the Internet, spyware is a nuisance, but if you do not detect spyware on your PC, it can lead to much more serious consequences like identity theft. Because of the threat that malware poses, a spyware removal tool installed on your PC is essential. Gathering spyware info also helps protect you from malicious attacks by adware or malware.
Spyware facts:
Experts view malware as a real threat to consumers and businesses. If you’re online, you should be concerned about spyware. You may want to consider adding an anti-spyware program to your PC to for complete spyware removal.
* Nine out of 10 PCs connected to the Internet are infected with spyware.*
* 88% of Spy Audit scans found some form of unwanted program (Trojan, system monitor, cookie or adware) on consumer computers.*
* Some form of spyware can be found on 87% of corporate PCs.*
* 86% U.S. adult Internet users believe that spyware on their computers has caused them to suffer a monetary loss, 2005.**
*State of Spyware Report
eMarketer
Spyware in the news:
* “A hacker was able to access potentially 40 million credit card numbers by infiltrating the network of a company that processed payment data for MasterCard International and other companies.” InfoWorld, July 17, 2005
* “About 10 million Americans have their personal information pilfered and misused in some way or another every year, costing consumers $5 billion and businesses $48 billion annually.” Federal Trade Commission, June 21, 2005
How does spyware find you?
Even if you’re careful, you can pick up spyware through normal Internet activities.
* Visit any media-supported Web site and you’re bound to get a tracking cookie
* Share music, files or photos with other users
* Install software applications without fully reading license agreements
Isn’t spyware just another passing trend that will eventually fade away?
Unfortunately, no. Spyware makers have found a viable financial model that supports continued activity, whether it’s legal or not. Unlike most other Internet threats, such as viruses that are purely malicious in nature, malware creators profit enormously by selling information on your surfing habits, redirecting you to sites you didn’t intend to visit, or by bombarding you with pop-up ads. Since it is almost impossible to find and stop the makers of spyware, or reduce the lucrative financial opportunity, this trend is here to stay.
What can you do if you get spyware on your PC?
First, you should use a spyware scanner program designed for spyware detection to see if you’re infected with spyware. Once you know your infection level, you’ll be able to take back control of your computer.
If you don’t want it on your computer, you can try to remove spyware manually. However, spyware removal is a difficult and complicated process for even the most experienced computer user. For the best spyware removal tool, many consumers today are turning to anti-spyware software like Webroot Spy Sweeper. A spyware removal tool like this can detect spyware and safely remove theapplications from your system.
Spyware Info and Facts that All Internet Users Must Know
You may know spyware by one of its many names; adware, malware, trackware, scumware, thiefware, snoopware, sneakware.
Because of its stealthy nature, most Internet users are more familiar with the symptoms of spyware infection:
* sluggish PC performance
* increased pop-up ads
* unexplained homepage change
* mysterious search results.
For virtually everyone surfing the Internet, spyware is a nuisance, but if you do not detect spyware on your PC, it can lead to much more serious consequences like identity theft. Because of the threat that malware poses, a spyware removal tool installed on your PC is essential. Gathering spyware info also helps protect you from malicious attacks by adware or malware.
Spyware facts:
Experts view malware as a real threat to consumers and businesses. If you’re online, you should be concerned about spyware. You may want to consider adding an anti-spyware program to your PC to for complete spyware removal.
* Nine out of 10 PCs connected to the Internet are infected with spyware.*
* 88% of Spy Audit scans found some form of unwanted program (Trojan, system monitor, cookie or adware) on consumer computers.*
* Some form of spyware can be found on 87% of corporate PCs.*
* 86% U.S. adult Internet users believe that spyware on their computers has caused them to suffer a monetary loss, 2005.**
*State of Spyware Report
**eMarketer
Spyware in the news:
* “A hacker was able to access potentially 40 million credit card numbers by infiltrating the network of a company that processed payment data for MasterCard International and other companies.” InfoWorld, July 17, 2005
* “About 10 million Americans have their personal information pilfered and misused in some way or another every year, costing consumers $5 billion and businesses $48 billion annually.” Federal Trade Commission, June 21, 2005
How does spyware find you?
Even if you’re careful, you can pick up spyware through normal Internet activities.
* Visit any media-supported Web site and you’re bound to get a tracking cookie
* Share music, files or photos with other users
* Install software applications without fully reading license agreements
Isn’t spyware just another passing trend that will eventually fade away?
Unfortunately, no. Spyware makers have found a viable financial model that supports continued activity, whether it’s legal or not. Unlike most other Internet threats, such as viruses that are purely malicious in nature, malware creators profit enormously by selling information on your surfing habits, redirecting you to sites you didn’t intend to visit, or by bombarding you with pop-up ads. Since it is almost impossible to find and stop the makers of spyware, or reduce the lucrative financial opportunity, this trend is here to stay.
What can you do if you get spyware on your PC?
First, you should use a spyware scanner program designed for spyware detection to see if you’re infected with spyware. Once you know your infection level, you’ll be able to take back control of your computer.
If you don’t want it on your computer, you can try to remove spyware manually. However, spyware removal is a difficult and complicated process for even the most experienced computer user. For the best spyware removal tool, many consumers today are turning to anti-spyware software like Webroot Spy Sweeper. A spyware removal tool like this can detect spyware and safely remove theapplications from your system.
Spyware 101
The spyware threat is real
Anyone who uses a computer is susceptible to spyware infection. In fact, nine out of 10 Internet-connected PCs are infected with spyware that can:
* Open your PC to identity theft
* Expose your personal information and private accounts
* Corrupt your hard drive
* Share your passwords and user names
Spyware threats can be any application that may track your online or offline PC activity. It may save or transmit those findings to third parties. These unwanted programs are stealthy and often attach to your computer without your knowledge – or appropriate consent. Many nefarious spyware threats can record keystrokes to steal your social security number, bank account information and credit card numbers, or hijack your modem to dial expensive, pornographic phone numbers.
Adware is a different type of program that lets companies track your online activities and tailor pop-up ads based on your choices.
Learn more about how spyware works
Protect yourself and your family.
Stop spyware threats from sending you pop-ups, intruding on your privacy, stealing your identity and hacking into your PC. Read more to arm yourself with information and resources.
What are the symptoms of spyware infection?
How do spyware threats find me?
How can I remove spyware?
What can I do to prevent spyware infection?
What are the symptoms of spyware?
If you use the Internet, it’s very likely some form of spyware threats are already at work on your PC. Your computer may be infected if you recognize any of these symptoms:
* Sluggish PC performance
* An increase in pop-up ads
* Mysterious new toolbars you can’t delete
* Unexplained changes to homepage settings
* Puzzling search results
* Frequent computer crashes
Learn more about spyware symptoms
How do spyware threats find me?
Through seemingly harmless tasks spyware threats may attach itself to your computer. These unwanted programs may start watching your actions right away or the programs may wait, triggering covert activities later. Even if you’re careful you can pick up these dangerous, unwanted programs through normal Web activities like:
* Sharing music, files or photos with other users
* Visiting a media-supported Web site
* Opening spam e-mail or an e-mail attachment
* Downloading free games, toolbars, media players and other system utilities
* Installing mainstream software applications without fully reading license agreements
How can I remove spyware?
Detecting spyware is tough and spyware removal is even more difficult. Even if you think you’ve successfully removed an unwanted program manually, a remaining tickler file can trigger a complete reinstallation the next time you start your PC. And as a survival tactic, malware programs often leave similar traces elsewhere on your system so the game of cat and mouse never ends.
For these reasons, the most effective way to detect and safely remove spyware threats from your system is anti-spyware software, like Webroot Spy Sweeper.
Learn more about spyware removal
What can I do to prevent infection?
When you arm yourself with information and resources, you become wiser and more knowledgeable about spyware threats and less vulnerable to its tactics. There are a few simple things you can do right away to help prevent further spyware infection:
* Update your operating system regularly
* Increase your browser security settings
* Only download software from sites you trust
* Use anti-virus protection and a software firewall
* Get anti-spyware software protection
* Learn more about Webroot Spy Sweeper
Spyware Defined
“Spyware is more like someone planting hidden cameras and microphones around your house and office, and even in the bathrooms. It’s just about the sleaziest online activity there is.” Computer World
Spyware is any application that makes potentially unwanted changes to your computer while collecting information about your computer activities. This information may then be sent to a third party for malicious purposes, without your knowledge or consent. Spyware arrives bundled with freeware or shareware, through e-mail or instant messenger, as an ActiveX installation, or by someone with access to your computer. Unlike traditional personalization or session cookies, spyware is difficult to detect, and spyware removal is difficult (if not impossible) for the average user.
Anyone who uses a computer is susceptible to spyware infection. Your online actions, whether you’re surfing the Internet or checking e-mail, can attract spyware. These programs find their way onto your system and install themselves in several possible places on your PC, including your registry, start up menu, files and folders. Many spyware programs ensure their survival by sprinkling traces of the program throughout your PC to make full removal more difficult (and sometimes nearly impossible). Once installed, spyware operates silently in the background.
File-sharing programs and swapping music, photos or other files are also well-known avenues for spyware infection. Sometimes spyware is bundled with a desired program, and is disclosed in buried text as part of the end-user-license agreement (EULA). These days, spyware may hop onto your system when you visit certain Web sites.
Spyware comes in many forms including adware, keyloggers, Trojans, system monitors, browser hijackers, and dialers. It ranges from benign – adware tracking cookies, which let online companies track your activities on a Web site and tailor pop-up ads based on your choices – to more nefarious spyware programs like Trojans, keyloggers and system monitors, which are capable of capturing keystrokes, online screenshots, and personally identifiable information like your social security number, bank account numbers, logins and passwords, or credit card numbers.
Ultimately, your identity and private information can be compromised by these malicious programs. On a corporate level, spyware can compromise network and data security, corporate assets and trade secrets.
Aside from potential identity theft, many spyware programs steal from you by cluttering your computer’s memory resources and eating bandwidth as it “talks” to the spyware’s home base using your Internet connection. This could lead to your computer suffering system crashes and/or slower performance.
Today, anti-spyware software is just as important as having a good anti-virus program and a firewall.
What is Adware?
Adware is any software application that has the ability to display advertisements on your computer. Some adware may track your surfing habits. These ads may be displayed in many forms, including pop-up, pop-under and banner ads.
Adware removal is necessary when threatening programs are installed without your consent and send information from your computer to unauthorized parties.
How does it work?
Adware watches as you surf the Internet and disrupts visits by popping up context-related promotions right on top of the screen, causing you to second guess your next online move. Stay on one Web site or click on the pop-up and go to a new site?
Technically, this type of application runs in the background of your computer and functions as a mole observing your moves. This information is logged and used to create a user profile as it relates to advertisements. Your user profile may also include unrelated personal information. This information is sent to a data collection site. It’s drawn on to narrow online search results to match your profile or as a data mining tool to evaluate your surfing habits.
Remember, adware programs that track your movements and generate a profile of your habits should be regarded as a threat or risk to your online security. Using your information without your knowledge is an invasion of privacy. Consider using an adware removal tool to prevent adware from monitoring your online habits.
How does adware get on a PC?
In general, adware is attached to an intentionally installed program. Freeware is one of the most common ways adware is installed on a machine. Installers of freeware unwittingly sign up for an infinite supply of pop-up ads.
Common examples of freeware that may involve adware:
* A better, more advanced search engine
* Unusual mouse pointers
* Instant news or weather updates
* Computer games
* Applications boasting to improve efficiency of your computer
* File sharing resources for digital photos or music
* Emoticons, little smileys or other facial expressions used in email
Additionally, peer-to-peer groups are notorious for attaching adware to their file sharing programs. It’s an easy way for developers to secure revenue by sharing your information to interested companies who repay you with a relentless bombardment of pop-up ads.
Detection and removal
If you suspect adware is on your machine, if your system slows down for no apparent reason or appears to be working behind the scenes, log onto http://www.keelab.com/ to perform a spyware scan to determine if you need an adware removal tool.
Pop-up Ads and Spyware
If you browse the Internet, odds are you’re familiar with pop-up ads. Close the window or click to learn more. Harmless enough, right?
For the most part, little is at risk by clicking on legitimate pop-up ads. But, many times the ads are deceptive and brought to you by adware, which may be tracking your surfing habits. Other less legitimate pop-up ads may install spyware, software that transmits information back to a third party without notifying you. How bad can it be? Think worst case scenario – beyond just tracking your online habits, these programs are capable of installing spyware programs to hijack your browser and capturing your personal information.
What are pop-up ads?
Pop-up ads turn up when you launch a Web site and as you browse the Internet. Pop-ups come in different forms, but they generally want to sell you something. In fact, the product offerings run the gamut, ranging from travel opportunities to drugstore items.
By clicking anywhere in this type of popup window, you may trigger a spyware install off your radar in the background. Illegitimate pop-ups can perform a “drive-by download;” that is, spyware programs which are downloaded without your knowledge or consent.
A similar pop-up ploy asks you to accept a download, and then won’t stop popping up until you do what they want.
Drive-by downloads work by exploiting operating system vulnerabilities. A specific vulnerability allows the computer to act on auto-pilot without prompting for your input.
Many users have low Internet security settings and these low settings allow the operating system to perform various activities on your computer without letting you know beforehand.
Don’t be fooled. Popups could install spyware on your PC to capture and transmit your personal data across the internet. Or it could be adware, another form of spyware.
What’s the real threat here?
Pop-up ads can be nothing more than an irritation. Shutting down repeated popups or getting redirected during a search isn’t harmful, just bothersome. However, if you are a victim of a drive-by download, you may have more than you think running in the background of your PC. You may have spyware programs.
If spyware is installed on your computer, it can use up valuable resources such as disk space, bandwidth and memory. It can slow browser performance and add icons to your desktop.
Worst case, pop-ups can actually cause a computer to stop responding or refuse to start up as a result of the stream of ads. Think domino effect, one pop-up ad triggers another and another until your system just can’t handle it and quits unexpectedly.
Moreover, spyware programs can use your PC to dispatch spam, shop illegally online using your credit cards, access your bank account, identity theft, the list is endless.
Prevention
Install Pop-Up Washer or Spy Sweeper to reduce your risks.
Practice safe email protocol:
* Don’t open email from unknown senders.
* Immediately delete spam.
* Avoid get rich quick offers, porn or too-good-to-be-true email messages.
Avoid clicking pop-up ads by closing them from the system tray area with a right mouse click.
Be aware of the types of sites you’re visiting. The more devious or shady the site, the more likely to have adware or spyware attached.
Control browser settings to maintain secure internet browsing.
Avoid using file sharing applications. These applications put you at a much higher risk of being hit with adware. Use the “lite” or slimmer version of freeware which may prevent adware, but you most likely won’t have all of the features the full version offers.
Spyware Symptoms
How Does Spyware Find You?
* You hop on the Internet for just a few minutes to visit web sites.
* You download freeware and/or shareware applications.
* You swap or share music or photos with other users.
* You open spam email messages, or messages or attachments sent from someone you don’t recognize.
* Other people use your computer.
In other words, spyware software touches virtually anyone with an Internet connection, infecting 90 percent of PCs.
Does your computer have a spyware infection?
Before you reformat your hard drive, or toss out your computer, read this! If your computer is sluggish or your Internet connection is slower than usual (even with broadband), your PC may have a spyware problem. You may want to consider using a free spyware scan if your computer displays any of the symptoms listed below.
Spyware Infection Symptoms include:
Different default homepage
Homepage hijacker spyware resets your homepage so each time you launch Internet Explorer (your browser), you land on that site. Until you remove it, this type of spyware software will not let you change your default homepage to a more desirable address.
Unusually slow Internet access
Spyware software clogs bandwidth because it is importing information (like pop-up ads) while sending out information (user activity, screenshots, bank account numbers, keystroke logs).
Reduced computer productivity
Even a small amount of spyware on a system can slow down a PC because it operates in the background, sapping hard drive resources. Other spyware software store advertising on a computer’s hard drive. Some applications, like Buddylinks, turn computers into spyware drones, where an infected PC joins an army of others that all work together to distribute a certain strain of spyware software.
More frequent pop-up ads
Adware tracking cookies trigger the most benign form of pop-up ads. Cookies that reside on your PC serve up pop-up ads related to the site you are visiting, your personal information or online activities. The more cookies you have on your PC, the more pop-ups you’ll see. A more malignant type of pop up won’t stop appearing until you allow it to download spyware software. Sometimes, even the “close” or “cancel” buttons mean yes. A slightly different pop-up, which mimics a Windows Messenger Service window, is also a ploy to download spyware software onto your PC.
New or different search toolbars
Spyware-riddled applications often install a new search toolbar on a system with the intention of hijacking searches for search terms. Depending on the legitimacy of the toolbar, searches may end up on a pay-per-click site, and some of those sites load additional spyware onto your PC via drive-by download.
Anti-spyware or anti-virus software is turned off, or malfunctioning
As a survival tactic, spyware software sometimes targets the anti-spyware software designed to find and remove it.
Unidentified toll charges on your phone bill
A dialer can initiate outgoing calls from your PC to 900 numbers with the sole intention of generating large phone bills charged to that phone line. Dialers can also change your dial-up settings to an international or 900 number, instead of your local Internet dial-up number.
Anti-spyware Software
“The only way to keep your computer clean of spyware and malware is to use an effective monitoring and disinfecting tool, such as the truly excellent Spy Sweeper.” – PC Plus, February 5, 2005
Desirable Features in Anti-Spyware Software
Regular definition updates
Many free anti-spyware software downloads do not provide adequate protection against spyware programs because they are not supported by ongoing threat updates. This leaves your PC open to attack from newly evolved or introduced malicious spyware programs. Regular updates to your threat database protects you from newly introduced or changed applications, as well as the latest worms and its family of variants.
Refined spyware detection
Some anti-spyware software scans yield false positives to make you think that it’s detecting more traces than its competitors. If the software isn’t capable of detecting and effectively removing malicious spyware programs, your privacy is at risk. Truly useful and beneficial anti-spyware software only finds what it needs to remove spyware to make sure you’re protected.
Proactive protection
Detection and removal of spyware programs is only half of the anti-spyware software solution. It’s equally important to stop spyware programs before they reach your computer. Smart Shields prevent spies from installing real time on your PC. This proactive protection defends system and browser elements while simultaneously guarding your information and privacy.
Designated threat research team
Often, it’s not financially possible for companies that offer free anti-spyware software to house a team of dedicated threat researchers. Updates may be erratic, poorly programmed or non-existent. A threat research team knows what to look for, and how to most effectively find and remove spyware from a user’s PC.
Customer service
Most free anti-spyware software is not backed by expert customer support, e-mail support or online help sections. Good software that can remove spyware offer whatever it takes to navigate a user through a spyware-related issue.
Easy-to-use interface
It takes several versions to determine the best and most user-friendly interface. Like research teams, interface improvement is not always an area of focus for providers of free anti-spyware software.
Stable company to back up the software
It’s important to identify credible anti-spyware software that is backed by an established company so you have recourse if you encounter a problem with your purchase or software functionality.
Webroot Spy Sweeper is an award-winning anti-spyware software tool that has won PC Magazine’s Editors’ choice award for spyware removal.
Spyware Removal
What can you do if you get spyware on your PC?
If you don’t want spyware on your computer, you can try to remove it manually. However, spyware removal is a difficult and complicated process for even the most experienced computer user. Without a recognized, top-quality spyware remover, spyware removal will be incomplete at best. To ensure complete protection, you must make sure you are using the best adware or spyware remover to rid yourself of problem-causing programs.
Spyware often intertwines itself with core operating system or application functions. Spyware removal can result in serious disruption of computer operations if not done properly. Spyware infections have led large numbers of users to take drastic measures to restore normal computer operations, for example:
“My son downloaded a new program that his friends were talking about at school, and now our computer acts strange. We found out we had all kinds of spyware – keyloggers, browser hijackers and more. After a few failed attempts at spyware removal we got fed up, did a low-level hard drive reformat, and rebuilt the system from the ground up. Of course, this is independent of then having to go through the Windows update process to patch all security holes in the operating system. What a mess!”
Most spyware or adware also includes multiple traces, or file fragments, which can remain as clutter on your system even after spyware is disabled, resulting in continued performance problems. Appropriate spyware removal eliminates all traces of a spyware program.
Even if you think your manual spyware removal was successful, the spyware can leave a tickler that completely reinstalls the program the next time you start up your PC. As a survival tactic, these malicious programs often leave similar traces elsewhere on your system so the game of cat and mouse never ends, unless you have a spyware protection utility in place.
How do you protect yourself and your PC from spyware?
Common sense tips for avoiding spyware threats and keeping your PC spyware-free
Just say “No!” to free software
The best spyware protection begins by avoiding unwanted programs in the first place. The main source of spyware infection is free programs downloaded from the Internet. Free, file-sharing programs often come bundled with nasty spyware threats that create pop-up ads and redirect your browser home page or search results. There are reputable sites that offer spy-free freeware but it is difficult to investigate every free program to distinguish between the good and bad. Pay careful attention to what you are downloading and know what other programs may be put into your PC along with the original file. The next time you get redirected to a site that encourages you to install a search toolbar, screen saver, smiley faces or cute cursors, think twice before installing it. If you have spyware protection on your PC, it should alert you to suspected freeware installation.
Get the latest Windows Patches
By setting your browser’s security settings high enough (Medium on Internet Explorer) to protect yourself from “drive-by downloads,” or automatic installation of unwanted programs. In addition, make sure you are only downloading programs from reputable sites and that you’ve checked out reviews by other users before installation.
Another easy form of spyware protection is to make sure you are running Windows XP Service Pack 2 (SP2) with all of the latest security patches.
Avoid questionable Web sites
Avoid Web sites that offer unscrupulous content such as pirated software or adult material. These sites are notorious for spreading spyware threats. It’s critical that for complete spyware protection, if you are visiting such sites, do not say “yes” or “OK” to anything.
Be suspicious of e-mail
E-mail is a common delivery vehicle for malicious programs. A simple method of spyware protection is to avoid opening attachments unless you know the sender and are expecting something from them. Look at the links people send you before clicking on them. Only visit .htm or .html sites and never open a .wav or other media file. Even reviewing an e-mail in the preview pane can initiate a malware download, so it is recommended that you turn off the preview option.
Use public computers with extreme caution
Spyware protection is much more complicated when you’re using a shared or public computer. It’s nearly impossible to know what other users may have done on a public computer. When using a multiple-user computer, protect yourself by first visiting http://www.keelab.com/ to run a free Spy Scan. Detecting spyware is the first step to securing a PC. See if anything exists on the public PC that is capable of stealing your identity or monitoring your Internet browsing session.
Beware of peer-to-peer file sharing services
There are two issues with P2P networks. One, P2P network clients often load spyware threats onto your PC when you sign up for their service. Two, the files you swap and share (photos, music, videos or games) may contain malicious programs. For the most conservative spyware protection, avoid these services all together.
Use firewall and anti-virus protection
If you are running Windows XP with SP2, your spyware protection begins by using the included firewall. A good commercial firewall gives you additional protection and control. A hardware firewall can provide you with good protection as well, but will not protect you from the other computers on your local area network (LAN).
It is crucial to have the latest anti-virus signatures from an established anti-virus vendor. This is too important to trust to freeware, which usually release new signatures too late to adequately protect you from viruses. Anti-spyware, a firewall and an anti-virus solution are all a part of a complete spyware protection package.
Use a good anti-spyware product
Detecting spyware is a difficult business. Even if you think you’ve successfully removed a piece of the program manually, a remaining tickler file can trigger a complete reinstallation (at start up) of the spyware threat you worked so hard to delete. Effective anti-spyware software provides users with frequent updates to combat the latest variations. Run scheduled or manual scans and make sure you select any proactive monitoring options the software may have.
A good spyware protection software product consistently wins awards from industry-leading publications, is backed by an innovative company with a solid business reputation, has frequent version and definition updates, and is a thought leader with an in-house threat research team devoted to keeping track of the latest developments in spyware threats.
Use Mozilla Firefox
Firefox greatly reduces the chance of software installation without consent, so it is considered to be a safer browser than Internet Explorer. Of course, Firefox still has vulnerabilities that could be attacked, so you have to remain vigilant.
Use Mac OSX
The Apple operating system is much safer than any Windows-based operating system (OS). The Apple OS has a very low market penetration so cyber-criminals largely ignore it. To date there have only been a couple of viruses and no spyware written for Mac OSX.
Enterprise IT staff: restrict administrative rights
IT departments should consider not allowing users to have administrative rights as it is very hard to install unwanted programs without those rights.
Top Spyware Threats
Detecting spyware threats is serious business. The list below depicts the spyware threats most frequently identified by Webroot’s Spy Scan, a free anti-spyware scanner tool. Webroot’s dedicated team of expert spyware researchers compiled the threat background and additional spyware information provided.
It’s important to note that two of the top 10 threats listed are considered rogue anti-spyware software. These bogus programs boast their spyware detection and spyware blockers to name a few, but they actually hijack your PC, cause extensive damage and threaten your personal privacy.
Spy Sweeper is more than just a spyware remover. It’s award-winning anti-spyware software that detects, blocks and removes all of these spyware threats. Spyware based on Trojan code, a viral installation procedure, or a polymorphic engine requires innovative detection and removal methodologies to stay ahead of the threat.
To make sure you don’t have a Trojan or other spyware on your PC, run Webroot’s free spyware scan now.
Name: Trojan-Downloader-Zlob
Description: Trojan-Downloader-Zlob is a common downloader that may download other threats on your computer.
Name: Perfect Keylogger
Description: Perfect Keylogger is a monitoring tool that records all visited Web sites, keystrokes and mouse clicks.
Name: HotBar
Description: HotBar is a toolbar that comes in two versions: a free version that is adware-supported and may display pop-up advertisements and a paid version. The paid version does not include adware or display pop-up advertisements.
Name: Trojan-Backdoor-us15info
Description: Trojan-Backdoor-us15info is a Trojan which runs in the background and may collect information about your computer and DNS packet information. Once collected, this information can be sent to a destination specified by the author.
Name: Trojan-Backdoor-SecureMulti
Description: Trojan-Backdoor-SecureMulti is a Trojan horse that may allow a hacker to gain unrestricted access to your computer when you are online.
Name: Trojan Downloader Matcash
Description: Trojan Downloader Matcash is a downloader that may download other threats on your computer.
Name: Virtumonde
Description: Virtumonde may display advertisements on your computer.
Name: ISTbar
Description: ISTbar is a toolbar that may be used for searching pornographic Web sites, which display pornographic pop-ups and hijack user homepages and Internet searches.
Name: SurfSideKick
Description: SurfSideKick may display pop-up advertisements on your computer.
Name: DirectRevenue-Abetterinternet
Description: DirectRevenue-ABetterInternet, commonly known as VX2 or Transponder, is an adware program that may display pop-up advertisements on your computer.
What you do online can hurt you
Check out what the Webroot Threat Research team has uncovered about spyware and how it operates.
Quickly learn how to avoid online dangers so you can confidently use the Internet again.
When is spyware a threat to you?
* Downloading files and programs
* Opening e–mail or instant messages
* Visiting tainted Web sites
* Clicking on pop-up ads
* Sharing your computer
* Just browsing the Internet
How you can become infected with spyware by … Downloading Files Online
The Internet is loaded with free files you can download, from screensavers and icons to music, articles and much more. But often these free files come with a cost, and that cost is a computer infected with spyware.
How can the seemingly innocent act of downloading a file leave you vulnerable to spyware and, as a result, identity theft and potential loss of money? It all starts with a simple click.
downloading files
You find a file you want and begin downloading it.
Many sites (especially file sharing sites) across the Internet offer files you can download for free, which can include:
* Text files such as articles and white papers
* Music files such as MP3 files and ring tones
* Icons and graphics such as emoticons
* Screensavers, wallpaper and more
Spyware is attached to the downloaded file.
Long before you started to download your file, a spyware villain attached spyware to it. Sometimes this spyware has been attached secretly and without your permission. However, often it is disclosed in the legal text flashed on the screen before you started downloading (called an End User License Agreement), and many people neglect to read the fine print and end up agreeing to download spyware.
downloading files
Spyware silently loads itself on your computer.
Once the download is complete, the file you originally wanted is visible and ready for use. In the meantime, the spyware that was attached to the file has quietly installed itself and begins running in the background without your knowledge.
downloading files
Your computer and identity are now at risk.
Spyware begins its sinister mission, which can include:
* Monitoring your computer activities
* Collecting your personal information
* Bombarding you with pop–up ads
* Altering files and crashing your computer
How you can become infected with spyware by … Browsing the Web
If you think sketchy Web sites are the only places where spyware awaits its victims, you are in for a shock.
Spyware lurks in many, many corners of the Internet, often in places where you would least expect it. And all it takes is to be in the wrong place at the wrong time to become infected.
browsing the web
You open your Web browser and begin browsing.
The path to spyware often begins innocently enough by viewing seemingly reputable sites; however, certain sites are more prone to be a source of spyware, including:
* Adult sites
* File sharing sites
* Community sites
You reach a site that is a spyware trap.
During your browsing, you visit a Web site that has set a spyware trap you unknowingly fall into, such as:
* A pop–up that entices you to click on it
* A deceptive link that you click
* A clickable graphic that leads down a dangerous path
browsing the web
Spyware loads onto your PC without your knowledge.
In many cases, once you have clicked on the suspect object and fallen into the spyware trap, malicious programs immediately begin installing on your PC. However, sometimes simply opening a Web page or an HTML e–mail initiates the installation process.
browsing the web
Your computer is infected and your personal information is at risk.
Spyware quickly begins its task of stealing your information (including credit card numbers, usernames and passwords), directing your browser to suspect sites, changing or deleting your files, pummeling you with pop–ups and slowing your PC to a crawl.
How you can become infected with spyware by … Sharing Your PC with Others
Scan your pc now
If you live in a home where multiple people use the computer, you already know that, from time to time, other users can change the settings, files and programs on your PC.
But what you might not know is that the behavior of those sharing your computer can put your PC at risk for spyware infection. And that infection will affect all users, despite the fact that you may have different user accounts for each person.
sharing your pc
Another user brings spyware into the shared computer.
Children, friends, roommates and spouses can unknowingly infect your PC in a variety of ways, including:
* Downloading tainted files or software
* Opening infected e–mail attachments
* Visiting suspect Web sites
* Clicking on misleading pop–up ads
Spyware alters settings that affect all users.
Even if each user has a separate user account, spyware can globally change settings for all users as well as subject each user to:
* Pop–up ads
* Unexplained home page changes and search results
* New, unwanted toolbars and desktop shortcuts
* Slow PC performance
sharing your pc
Spyware collects information from every user.
Once spyware has infected the entire computer, it can begin to steal each user’s personal information, such as:
* Credit card numbers
* Bank account numbers
* Social Security numbers
* Usernames and passwords
* Address books, including e–mail addresses
sharing your pc
Every user is placed at risk.
With a computer controlled by spyware, everyone loses. Children are left vulnerable to scams and potentially disturbing content. Adults may have their identity stolen, costing them time and money. And all users experience the frustration of a malfunctioning PC.
How you can become infected with spyware by … Using E–mail and Instant Messaging
E–mail and instant messaging have become an increasingly favored channel among spyware villains for spreading their malicious programs, and here’s how they do it.
communicating online
Spyware is embedded in or attached to a message.
Messages with spyware can arrive from many sources and in a variety of forms. It can be sent as an attachment, embedded in a seemingly harmless file or hidden in a link within the body of a message.
Scan your pc now
You open the message and unknowingly download spyware.
E–mail and instant messages laced with spyware often try to mislead you into clicking on an attached file or on a link within the e–mail, which then initiates the download. However, sometimes simply opening the message itself starts the download process.
communicating online
Spyware establishes itself on your computer.
Once downloaded, spyware quietly installs itself and starts running in the background of your computer. Without your knowledge or permission, it now has the ability to:
* Collect your personal information
* Redirect your browser and keyword searches
* Bombard you with unwanted, often illicit pop–up ads
* Add, change and delete files and programs
communicating online
Your PC and online communications are compromised.
A spyware–infected PC can significantly distrupt your system’s performance, slowing your PC to a crawl and causing frequent crashes. In addition, it can lead to identity theft and loss of money.
How you can become infected with spyware by … Using E–mail and Instant Messaging
E–mail and instant messaging have become an increasingly favored channel among spyware villains for spreading their malicious programs, and here’s how they do it.
communicating online
Spyware is embedded in or attached to a message.
Messages with spyware can arrive from many sources and in a variety of forms. It can be sent as an attachment, embedded in a seemingly harmless file or hidden in a link within the body of a message.
You open the message and unknowingly download spyware.
E–mail and instant messages laced with spyware often try to mislead you into clicking on an attached file or on a link within the e–mail, which then initiates the download. However, sometimes simply opening the message itself starts the download process.
communicating online
Spyware establishes itself on your computer.
Once downloaded, spyware quietly installs itself and starts running in the background of your computer. Without your knowledge or permission, it now has the ability to:
* Collect your personal information
* Redirect your browser and keyword searches
* Bombard you with unwanted, often illicit pop–up ads
* Add, change and delete files and programs
communicating online
Your PC and online communications are compromised.
A spyware–infected PC can significantly distrupt your system’s performance, slowing your PC to a crawl and causing frequent crashes. In addition, it can lead to identity theft and loss of money.
How spyware can … Steal Your Info and Your Money
Many people associate identity theft with having a wallet or purse stolen. But did you know that your computer is fast becoming the most likely place where your identity can be stolen? And that spyware is often at the root of this malicious activity?
Spyware used for identity theft can be the most harmful and difficult to remove of any type of spyware … and here is how it does its damage.
identity theft
Spyware travels over the Internet and infects your computer.
You can come into contact with spyware in many ways, including:
* Downloading files or software
* Opening e–mail attachments
* Visiting suspect Web sites
Operating silently, spyware collects your information.
Without your knowledge, spyware runs in the background while it records your Internet browsing habits and keystrokes, monitors the programs you use and collects your personal information.
identity theft
Spyware uses your Internet connection to transmit your information to identity thieves.
While your computer is connected to the Internet, spyware quietly transmits your personal information, which can include:
* Credit card numbers
* Bank account numbers
* Social Security numbers
* Usernames and passwords
* Address books, including e–mail addresses
identity theft
Spyware villains use your information for illicit or illegal activities.
The villain who placed spyware on your computer receives your information and can now:
* Steal money and open credit card and bank accounts in your name
* Sell it to other parties who will use it for illicit or illegal purposes
* Pummel your PC with pop–up ads, spam and unwanted messages as well as direct you to Web sites you never intended to visit
How can spyware put you at risk for … Loss of Money
The chances you will become infected with spyware increase every day as more and more spyware schemes are launched across the Internet. The force behind this continual rise is simple economics.
Spyware schemes are highly profitable for spyware villains, who steal billions of dollars every year from unsuspecting computer users and corporations.
loss of money
With one poor online decision, spyware can infect your computer and start sealing information.
Once spyware enters your computer and establishes itself, it begins collecting and stealing your personal information such as:
* Credit card numbers
* Bank account numbers
* Social Security numbers
* Usernames and passwords
* Address books, including e–mail addresses
Spyware wreaks havoc on your computer system and files.
As spyware operates silently in the background stealing information, it also disrupts your productivity by impairing how your computer operates in many ways, including:
* Consuming memory and causing crashes
* Slowing your computer with pop–up ads and e–mail
* Changing, deleting and adding files
* Causing programs to malfunction or become inoperable
loss of money
Spyware villains make money off your information.
Once spyware has sent your personal and financial data to spies, they can profit from you in a number of ways by:
* Stealing from your credit card and bank/brokerage accounts
* Opening new credit accounts in your name and stealing from those
* Selling your information to other villains who will target you with their schemes
loss of money
You pay for the damage spyware has caused.
Most spyware fraud victims don’t realize what has happened until it’s too late and they have to shoulder the costs of:
* Restoring their credit records and identity
* Increased insurance rates because identity thieves have corrupted their credit, health or driving records
* Fixing a malfunctioning, spyware–infected computer
* Lost productivity due to time spent restoring their computer and identity
How can spyware put you at risk for … Loss of Privacy
Imagine you are at an ATM machine and someone is standing over your shoulder writing down your PIN number and account information. Or you turn on the television and immediately must navigate through dozens of commercials before you can view the program you want.
Spyware is every bit as slimy, intrusive and aggravating as these examples because it invades the privacy of your computer and silently observes everything you do.
loss of privacy
Spyware collects and transmits your information.
A seemingly innocent click on a download or a pop–up and you’re infected. Once spyware establishes itself on your computer, it begins collecting your personal information and computer usage habits by:
* Recording your keystrokes
* Intercepting e–mails and other online communications
* Gathering files, address lists and other private information
* Tracking the Web sites you visit and the programs you use
You’ve lost control as spyware begins to take over your computing experience.
Spyware sends your information back to the villains who are responsible for it, who in turn clog up your computer by:
* Sending you pop–up ads based on the information they took
* Directing your browser to Web sites you don’t want to visit
* Using lots of memory and slowing your system
loss of privacy
Your files, computer and personal data are placed at risk.
The most dangerous spyware isn’t merely annoying; it can cause irreparable damage to your computer system and to your identity in the following ways:
* Changing, adding or deleting files
* Opening and closing software
* Controlling your cursor and keyboard
* Using your personal information to steal from you
loss of privacy
You no longer fully control your computer.
With spyware viewing all your personal information, barraging you with nonstop pop–ups and slowing your system to a crawl, your computer is no longer under your control, leading to hours of frustration and a feeling of helplessness.
How Spyware Can Put You at Risk for … Damage to Your PC
If you think viruses are the only illicit programs that can ruin files, corrupt programs and crash your computer, think again.
Spyware can cause irreparable damage to your files and programs as well as jeopardize your personal information and your identity.
damage to your pc
Spyware invades your computer.
A seemingly innocent click on a download or pop–up ad can trigger spyware to silently load itself onto your computer. Once on your PC, it sets up shop by installing itself in many places. This makes it difficult to remove and can lead to disruption of all the files and programs to which spyware has attached itself.
Spyware activity bogs down PC processes.
Spyware in action can consume a substantial amount of your computer’s memory, leaving limited resources for other legitimate programs to use. This can lead to extremely sluggish performance of vital programs, like your Internet browser or operating system.
damage to your pc
Files become damaged and programs malfunction.
The most noxious spyware can cause more than inconvenient disruptions. It can bring your PC to a grinding halt by:
* Deleting, changing, renaming or transferring files
* Opening and closing programs at will
* Interfering with your operating system, resulting in frequent crashes
damage to your pc
You can no longer rely on your PC to operate properly, if at all.
With spyware wreaking havoc on your PC, you can never count on programs to run properly or files to remain intact. Eventually you may not even be able to open programs or start your computer.
SOLUTIONS
Comprehensive Removal Technology destroys all spyware.
If spyware has secretly installed on your computer, our Comprehensive Removal Technology will hunt it down and thoroughly remove every fragment to prevent the spyware from reinstalling on your computer.
downloading files
Smart Shields keep your computer spyware–free.
While you download files, Smart Shields protect your PC against a spyware invasion, blocking any spyware files from installing on your computer and compromising its integrity.
downloading files
FlexDefs ensure you are protected now and in the future.
Spy Sweeper FlexDef technology combats new strains of spyware from infecting your computer by easily identifying never–before–seen spyware and denying it access to your computer.
downloading files
Download with confidence … and without spyware.
Before you venture out into the Internet to download files, make sure you are equipped with the best tool for fighting spyware – Spy Sweeper.
Comprehensive Removal Technology finds and destroys all spyware.
If your PC has become infected with spyware via the Internet, don’t worry. Our Comprehensive Removal Technology completely eliminates every spyware file and fragment, even the most difficult to remove strains.
browsing the web
Smart Shields block spyware before it can infect your PC.
Spyware can enter your computer in many ways. Spy Sweeper Smart Shields stand guard at every possible entry point and prevent spyware from accessing your PC so you can surf the Web with confidence.
browsing the web
FlexDefs keep you protected from new threats.
New spyware threats and more potent strains are unleashed on the Internet every day. Spy Sweeper FlexDef technology makes sure your computer is protected at all times by easily identifying these never–before–seen threats and preventing them from harming your PC.
browsing the web
Surf the Web and stay spyware–free.
Remember that spyware can hide practically anywhere on the Internet and that the best protection against infection is Spy Sweeper, winner of 45 awards and counting.
Smart Shields block spyware before it can enter your PC.
With Spy Sweeper Smart Shields protecting your computer, you won’t have to worry about the bad computing habits of other users disrupting your system. That’s because Smart Shields recognize when spyware is trying load onto your computer and deny it access.
sharing your pc
Comprehensive Removal Technology destroys all existing spyware.
Spyware can conceal itself in many places throughout your computer. Our Comprehensive Removal Technology scours deeply to remove every trace of spyware, including the most stubborn and potent strains.
sharing your pc
FlexDefs ensure you stay protected.
Spyware frequently changes and mutates into more dangerous strains, and Spy Sweeper FlexDef technology protects you from new threats by quickly identifying never–before–seen spyware and preventing it from entering your PC.
sharing your pc
Share your PC and know it is always safe from spyware.
Don’t let spyware ruin the computing experience for you, and your family and friends. Protect your PC with the leading anti–spyware software in the world – Spy Sweeper.
Spy Sweeper Smart Shields thwart spyware before it can enter your PC.
An unprotected computer is like an open door for spyware. Spy Sweeper Smart Shields stand guard at every possible entrance of your computer and fend off any spyware that tries to enter, even the most damaging and devious strains.
communicating online
FlexDefs and frequent updates keep you protected.
New, previously undetected forms of spyware can often do the most damage, so it’s critical to have up–to–the–minute protection. Spy Sweeper FlexDef technology and our frequent definition updates keep you fully protected against mutated and never–before–seen spyware threats.
communicating online
Comprehensive Removal Technology destroys all existing spyware.
The most dangerous spyware hides in multiple places on your PC to elude detection and resist removal … and it’s still no match for our Comprehensive
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